Coke oven



June 16, 1931. c, L, 1,810,629

COKE OVEN Filed May 17 35 -4 Sheets-Sheet 1 June 16, 1931.

c. STILL COKE OVEN Filed May 17 192 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 C. STILL COKE OVENJune 16, I931.

' 4 Sheets- Sheet 3 Filed May 17 92 June 16, 1931. c. STILL 1,810,629

COKE OVEN Fi1ed May 1'7, 1926 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 E fi m m/ o Patented June16, 1931 wherein the Fig- UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CARL STILL, 0FREdKLINGEAUSEN', GERMANY COKE OVEN Application filed May 17, 1926,Serial No. 109,791,

This invention refers to the art of treating coal in horizontal orvertical chamber ovens for producing coke and gas, and concerns meansfor removing the volatile products of dry coal-distillation at thecentral portions of the coal charge, particularly near the bottom of thechamber, in order to recover the volatile products in as uncracked astate as possible- There are observed in materializing an arrangement ofthe kind mentioned, which are based on the building up of chamber cokeovens, horizontal as well as vertical, that is to say, on the existenceof two vertical heated chamber walls of fairly large area opposite eachother in relatively small space. First, the points on which the gaseswill be removed at the midst between the two chamber walls, have to beplaced in horizontal direction substantially over thetotal length of thechamber; second, the necessary apparatus or elements of constructionmust not interfere with the charging and discharging of the chambercontents. Moreover, there is to be taken account for the expansions byheat of the apparatus in question .which arise from the temperaturesvarying temporarily and locally within the chambers. These expansionsincrease sometimes considerably due to the large dimensions of theapparatus in question. Likewise, the necessity of rendering the saidapparatus for removing thegases hermetically tightcauses manydifliculties.

The main object cording to my invention istoj comply with the conditionsstated above in a manner very advantageous.

In the drawings annexed Fig. 1 represents a vertical cross section alongthe line 1-1 of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 represents an elevation partly as alongitudinal section taken'along the line 22 of Fig. 1, the said Figs. 1and 2 showing one embodiment of my invention applied to a' horizontalcoke oven; Fig. 3 is a representation similar to Fig.1, but show,- ing asomewhat modified form; Figs. 4, 5 and 6 show details of the arrangementaccording to Figs. 1 and2 in an enlarged scale, 6 isa horizontal sectiontwo principal conditions to be p of the arrangements ac-v and in GermanyMay 18, 1925. 7

along the line 6-6 of Fi however apply substantial y to the modificationaccording to Fig. 3 also.

In the first embodiment according to Figs. 1 and 2 there are hanging onthe roof a of the cokeoven chamber vertical pipes 72, reaching in themidst between the chamber walls 0 within the coal charge near to thebottom of the chamber and constituting a straight row arallel tothe-chamber walls, extending nearly over the total length of the chamberin its horizontal axis. At the upper ends, the pipes b are joined bybends d to a collecting and suction main 6. By this arrangement thecharging holes f, constructed in the usual manner, can be placed withoutany trouble as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. At the bottom ends the pipes areopen, in order to permit free entering of the gases and vapours to beremoved. The pipes of cast metal and of such a cross sectional shape(see Fig. 6), that same are limited by two oppositely located parallelsurfaces g.- Between two pipes adjacent each other in the row looselyfitted plates h, likewise made of cast metal, are inserted and arrangedin such a manner, that the surfaces of these plates 71. aresubstantially flush with the surfaces 9 of the pipes b. 'Hereby theplates 71. are-fitted to the surfaces of the pipes 72 by ribs m andbosses 71. 'By this arrangement of the pipes b and plates h a plane,cohesive wall of substantially uniform thickness extending throughoutthe total length of the chamber is secured. The upper edges of theuppermost plates h project a little from the topsurface of the coalcharge. The free space between the plates h is closed on this point by asuitable cover, not shown in the drawings, in order .to prevent the coalto be charged through the holes f to drop intosaid space, also to sealundesired passages of the gases formed within the hollow wall and thecharge of the chamber.

As the hollow space between the opposite plates h always remains free ofcoal and is open on the bottom end likewise as the pipes b, it may alsobe used for removinggases an vapours if desired. For this purpose, nearthe bottom ends of the pipes I), eventually at b are preferably made .4,which details A higher levels also, special openings 0 are arranged inthe side walls thereof facing each other, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5.These openings 0 may be arranged additionally, or even same may existalone to permit the gases and vapours to pass, in 'case the bottom endsof the pipes b are made close.

The modifiedembodiment of the invention shown by Fig. 3 differs fromthat des-.-ribed before only by the fact, that the pipes b are nothanging on the chamber roof, but are supported on the bottom of thechamber. For this purpose a rail-like support 8 made of metal, andextending in the midst of the bottom over the total length of thechamber is arranged, which is suitably subdivided over its length inmany parts on account of its expansions b heat. The bottom ends of thepipes 12 rest y means of a suitable groove t upon the vertical rib ofthis support which projects from the chamber bottom. By this arrangementthe pipes b are supported from below .and at the same time the gases andvapours'are allowed to -escape through the bottom ends of the pipes. Allother parts of this second embodiment correspond substantially to thefirst embodiment shown by Figs. 1 and 2.

- y arranging ovens in the manner described the chambers can be emptiedwithout hindrance after the coking has been finished,

for example sidewards in case the ovens are horizontal, or downwards incase same are vertical. For discharging the horizontal chambers in ahorizontal direction the usual pushing machines can be used with thesole' modification that the pushing head and the ramshaft are dividedinto two vertical parts corresponding to the division of the cross areaof the chamber and the charge caused by the wall designed as shown inFigs. 1 and 3. In order to facilitate the discharge the wall may beslightly tapered in the direction of the discharging. Such a slightlytapered wall would also remain within the scope of the invention, andnot interfere with the claims for the feature of the substantiallytached to existing uniform thickness of the wall.

By the arrangement of the plates h, loose- 1y fitted to each other,the-whole wall and likewise its single portions can expand. due to heatas to its length and height without hindrance. Any remarkable shrinkageor deformation or even fractures are entirely avoided thereb The pipes 6also remain always complete y tight owing to the possibility of exanding in all directions, thereby obviating ractures.

In case the arrangement in question is atchamber ovens, the effectivecross section area of the chamber and the charge is diminished to aremarkable extent.

Consequently the output of the ovens will be be increased,-which resultsfrom the following :As theory and experience have proved,

time of a chamber oven, supposing equa conditions and especially equalintensity of heating in each case of consideration, is proportional tothe mathematical square of the chamber width. Therefore, whendiminishing the width, the coking is accelerated in a higher degree thanthe volthe cokin I ume of the coal charge is diminished at the but thespeed of operation of the oven is increased in the rate of m x 350 As aresult the output comes to 500' 350 350 1 that is to say, by applicationof the novel arrangement theoutput of the oven is increased by 43%.

It is to be understood, that the shape and arrangement of the pipes band the plates 15.,

according to Fig. 6, is only one instance of many others possible. Forexample pairs of opposite plates 7:. could be connected to each other tobox-like hollow bodies, similar to the pipes 6. Especially suchconstructions would be within the meaning of the invention, where thepipes 6, instead of being parts of the wall of the same thickness as thelatter, would be placed entirely between the plates 71. and covered bythe same, the outside, surface of the wall being formed only by theplates k.

' What I claim is 1. A coke oven comprising two spaced parallel heatingwalls partially defining a horizontally elongated coking chamber, alongitudinal row of vertical suction pipes located within said chamberbetween the heating walls communicating with said chamber and a commonsuction main connecting all of said pipes.

2. A coke oven comprising two spaced parallel heating walls partiallydefining a horizontally elongated coking chamber, a longitudinal row ofvertical suction pipes having openings at their lower ends, said pipesbeing located between the two heating walls and a suction main connectedto the upper ends of all of said suction pipes.

3. A coke oven comprising two opposite Egrallel vertical heating wallspartiall deing a horizontally elongated coking c amber, a longitudinalrow of vertically arranged suction pipes located between said heatingwalls and communicating with said chamber, a suction main connecting allof said pipes and means arranged between the suction pipes in the rowand forming with the pipes a partition wall of substantially equalthickness.

4. A coke oven comprising two opposite garallel vertical heating wallspartially dea horizontally elongated coking chamber, a longitudinal rowof vertically disposed suction pipes arranged in said chamber betweenthe heating walls and open at the lower ends, a suction main common toall of the pipes in the row and connected to their upper ends, and meanscoacting with the pipes and forming therewith avpartition wall ofuniform thickness.

5. A coke oven comprising spaced parallel heating walls, a base and atop defining a horizontally elongated coking chamber, a longitudinal rowof vertical suction pipes arranged within said chamber and open at theirlower ends, means for supporting said pipes upon the top and a commonsuctionmain arranged above the top and connected to all of the pipes insaid row.

6. A coke oven comprising spaced parallel vertical heating walls, a baseand a top defining a horizontally elongated coking chamber, alongitudinal row of-vertical suction pipes arranged between said heatingwalls, means for supporting each pipe in the row upon the top, saidpipes having open lower ends, a common suction main connected to theupper ends of all of said pipes in the row and a plurality of superposedplates coacting with said pipes to form therewith a partition wall ofsubstantially uniform thickness.

7. A coke oven comprising spaced fparallel heating walls, a base and atop de ning a horizontally elongated coking chamber, a longitudinal rowof vertical suction pipes arranged within said chamber and open at theirlower ends, means for supporting said pipes upon the top and a commonsuction main connected to all of the pipes in said row.

8. A cokeoven comprising spaced arallel vertical heating walls partiallydefihing a horizontally elongated coking chamber, a longitudinal row ofvertical suction pipes arranged within the chamber open at their lowerends and a plurality of vertically arran ed plates extending between andloosely fitting between the suction pipes, and formin with said suctionpipes a partition wall of su stantially uniform thickness.

9. A coke oven comprising a coking cham ber defined by spaced verticalheating walls, a base and a top partially defining a horizontallyelongated chamber, a longitudinal row of vertical suction pipes open attheir lower ends and arranged between said heating walls, a rail elementmounted on the base for supporting said suction pipes and a common saidheating walls, a common suction main connected to the upper ends of allof the pipes in said row and a plurality of vertically arranged spacedplates loosely fitted between the suction pipes and forming therewith apartition wall of substantially uniform thickness.

11. A coke oven comprising a coking chamber partially defined by a baseand spaced parallel heating walls partially defining a horizontallyelongated chamber, 'a longitudinal row of suction pipes verticallydisposed between said heating walls, and open at their lower ends, arail member resting on the bottom of the coking chamber and supportingsaid suction pipes between and (spaced from said heating walls, a commonsuction main connected to the upper ends of all of the pipes in said rowand a plurality of superposed plates arranged in spaced tiers with theirsides flush with the sides of the suction pipes, said plates looselyfitting between said suction pipes to allow for expansion andcontraction and forming with the pipes a partition wall of width equalto the width of the pipes.

12. A coke oven comprising spaced arallel vertical heating wallspartially defining a coking chamber, a row of vertical suction pipesequally distributed in the chamber equidistant between the walls andopen at their lower ends and a plurality of vertically arranged platesextending and loosely fitting between the suction pipes and forming withsaid suction pipes a partition wall. of substantially uniform thickness.

13. A coke oven comprising a coking chamber partially defined by spacedvertical heating walls, a base and a top, a row of vertical suctionpipes equally distributed in the chamber equidistant between the walls,open at their lower'ends, a rail mounted on the base for supporting saidsuction pipes and a common suction flue connected to the upper ends ofall of the pipes in said row.

14. A coke oven comprising a coking chamber partially defined by a baseand a top and spaced parallel heating walls, a row of'suction pipesvertically disposed and equally distributed in the chamber equidistantbetween the heating walls and open at their lower ends, 'a rail restingon the base of the coking chamber and supporting said suction pipes,between and spaced from said heating "walls, a common suction mainconnected to the upper ends of all of the pipes in said row and aplurality of vertically arranged spaced plates loosely fitted betweenthe suction pipes and forming therewith a partition wall ofsubstantially uniform thickness.

15. A coke oven comprising a coking chamber partially defined by a baseand spaced parallel heating Walls, a row of suction pipes verticallydisposed and equally distributed p in the chamber equidistant betweenthe walls of and open at their lower ends, a. rail resting on the baseof the coking chamber and supporting said suction pipes between andspaced from said heating walls, a common suction main connected to theupper ends of all of the pipes in said row and a plurality of superposedplates arranged in spaced tiers with their sides flush with the sides ofthe suction pipes said plates loosely fitting between said suction pipesto allow for expansion and contraction and forming with the pipes apartition wall of width equal to the diameter of the pipes.

16. A coke oven comprising a coking chamher partially defined by spacedvertical heating walls and having a charging opening in the top over thechamber, a row of vertically disposed suction pipes arranged betweensaid walls and having open lower ends, means for supporting said pipessubstantially centrally between said heating walls within the cokingchamber and a common suction main disposed to one side and above saidcoking chamber and out of alignment vertically with the said chargingopening, said suction main being connected to the upper ends of allof'the pipes in said row.

11 testimony whereof I aifix my signature.

CARL STILL.

